II. Short Answers

 

Question 1. What is data?

Answer: The term data comes from the word datum, which means a raw fact. The data is a fact about people, places or some objects. Eg: Let 'Name', 'Age', 'Class', 'Marks' and 'Subject' be some defined variables. Now, let us assign a value to each of these variables.

Name = Rajesh

Age = 16

Class = XI

Mark — 65

Subject = Computer Science

In the above example, the values assigned to the five different variables are called data.

 

Question 2. Write the l's complement procedure?

Answer:

1. Step 1: Convert given Decimal number into Binary

2. Step 2: Check if the binary number contains 8 bits, if less add 0 at the left most bit, to make it as 8 bits.

3. Step 3: Invert all bits (i.e. Change 1 as 0 and 0 as 1)

 

Question 3. Convert (46)10 into Binary number?

Question 4. We cannot find 1's complement for (28)10. State reason?

Answer: Is complement representation is an easier approach to represent signed numbers. This is for negative numbers only. This (28)10 this whole numbers cannot be determined by negative number because the number whose MSB is 1.

 

Question 5. List the encoding systems for characters immemory?

Answer: There are several encoding systems used for computer. They are

1. BCD: Binary Coded Decimal.

2. EBCDIC: Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code.

3. ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

4. Unicode

5. ISCII: Indian Standard Code for Information Interchange.

 

III. Explain in Brief

 

Question 1. What is radix of a number system? Give example?

Answer: A numbering system is a way of representing numbers. The most commonly used numbering system in real life is Decimal number system. Other number systems are Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal Number System. Each number system is uniquely identified by its base value or radix. Radix or base is the count of number of digits in each number system. Radix or base is the general idea behind positional numbering system. Eg: (123)10, (547)9, (1001)2, (25)1e.

 

Question 2. Write note on binary number system?

Answer: There are only two digits in the Binary system, namely, 0 and 1. The numbers in the binary system are represented to the base 2 and the positional multipliers are the powers of 2. The left most bit in the binary number is called as the Most Significant Bit (MSB) and it has the largest positional weight. The right most bit is the Least Significant Bit (LSB) and has the smallest positional weight.

Question 3. Convert (150)10 into Binary, then convert that Binary number to Octal?

Binary number:

Question 4. Write short note on ISCII?

Answer: ISCII is the system of handling the character of Indian local languages. This as a 8-bit coding system. Therefore it can handle 256 (2s) characters. This system is formulated by the department of Electronics in India in the year 1986-88 and recognized by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Now this coding system is integrated with Unicode.

 

Question 5. Add: (i)-2210+15io (ii) 20i0+ 25io Answer: (i) -22 +15 the binary equivalent of 22 is 00010110

IV. Explain in detail.

 

Question 1.

(a) Write the procedure to convert fractional Decimal to Binary.

(b) Convert (98.46)10 to Binary.

Answer:

(a) The method of repeated multiplication by 2 has to be used to convert such kind of decimal fractions. The steps involved in the method of repeated multiplication by 2:

Step 1: Multiply the decimal fraction by 2 and note the integer part. The integer part is either 0 or 1. Step 2: Discard, the integer part of the previous product. Multiply the fractional part of the previous product by 2 Repeat Step 1 until the same fraction repeats or terminates (0).

Step 3: The resulting integer part forms a sequence of Os and Is that become the binary equivalent of decimal fraction.

Step 4: The final answer is to be written from first integer part obtained till the last integer part obtained.

Question 2. Find is Complement and 2's Complement for the following Decimal number:

 (a) — 98

(b) -135

 

(a) — 98 First convert given decimal number into binary

Binary number = 1100010 Binary number = 1100010 Second, check binary number as 8 bits, If less add 0 as the left most bit, 01100010 Third, Invert all bits (change 1 as 0 and 0 as 1) Is complement for 10011101.

2's complement:

Binary number = 10000111 Second, check binary number as 8 bits, If less add 0 at the left most bit. It has 8 bits, 10000111. Third, Invert all bits (change 1 as 0 and 0 as 1) 1 's complement for 01111000. 2's complement:

 

Question 3.

(a) Add 11010102+ 1011012

(b) Subtract 11010112 — 11101022

Answer: