Part – B

Answer the following questions in one or two sentences

Question 21.
State any two districts with favourable sex ratio. Indicate the ratios.
Answer:

  1. The Nilgiris (1042 females)
  2. Thanjavur (1035 females)

Question 22.
Define GSDP.
Answer:
The Gross State Domestic Product refers to the total money value of all the goods and services produced annually in the state.

Question 23.
Mention any four food crops which are favourable to Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

  1. Rice
  2. Maize
  3. Groundnut
  4. Oil seeds
24. Name the major ports in Tamil Nadu? 
Tamil Nadu has three major ports; one each at Chennai, Ennore, and Tuticorin, as well as one intermediate port in Nagapattinam, and 23 minor ports.

 25. What is heritage tourism? 
Heritage tourism involves visiting places and experiencing activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past. It focuses on cultural, historical, and natural heritage, such as historical sites, landmarks, museums, and traditions, to gain a deeper understanding and appreciation of a region's history and cultural legacy.

 26. Name the nuclear power plants in Tamil Nadu?
Tamil Nadu has two nuclear power plants: Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant (in Tirunelveli district) and Madras Atomic Power Station (in Kalpakkam).
    

Question 27.
Define Micro industry.
Answer:
The enterprises with a capital investment not exceeding 25 lakhs.

Part – C
Answer the following questions in one Paragraph

Question 28.
Write a note on mineral resources in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Mineral resources in Tamil Nadu:

  1. Tamil Nadu has a few mining projects based on Titanium, Lignite, Magnesite, Graphite, Limestone, Granite and Bauxite.
  2. The first one is the Neyveli Lignite Corporation that has led development of large industrial complex around Neyveli in Cuddalore district with Thermal Power Plants, Fertilizer and carbonisation plants.
  3. Magnesite mining is at Salem from which mining of Bauxite ores are carried out at Yercaud and this region is also rich in Iron ore at Kanjamalai.
  4. Molybdenum is found in Karadikuttam in Madurai district.

Question 29.
Explain GSDP in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
GSDP in Tamil Nadu:

  1. GSDP refers to the total money value of all the goods and services produced annually in the state.
  2. According to Tamil Nadu’s directorate of Economics and Statistics, Tamil Nadu is the second largest economy in India with a GSDP of $207.8 billion in 2016 -17
  3. The GSDP of Tamil Nadu is equal to the GDP of Kuwait on nominal terms and GDP of UAE on PPP terms.
  4. Sectoral contribution of GSDP of Tamil Nadu
    • Tertiary sector – 63. 70%
    • Secondary sector – 28.5%
    • Primary sector – 7.76%
30. Describe development of textile industry in Tamil Nadu.
The textile industry in Tamil Nadu has experienced significant development, establishing the state as one of the major textile hubs in India. Historically, Tamil Nadu has been renowned for its traditional handloom and weaving practices. Over the years, with advancements in technology and infrastructure, the state has witnessed the emergence of modern textile mills and manufacturing units. Key textile clusters like Tiruppur have become prominent centers for knitwear and garment production, contributing significantly to India's textile exports. The state's proactive approach in adopting technological innovations, coupled with a skilled workforce, has played a crucial role in the sustained growth of the textile industry. Government initiatives, such as incentives and supportive policies, have further propelled the sector's development, making Tamil Nadu a key player in the national and global textile market.

Question 31.
Compare productivity of any two food crops between Tamil Nadu and India.
Answer:

  1. Asia result of Government’s efforts Tamil Nadu tops in productivity, in food crops as well as non-food crops, among the states in India.
  2. Among Indian states Tamil Nadu ranks first in maize, Kambu, Groundnut, Oil seeds and Cotton.
  3. Second in rice and coconut.
  4. Third in Sugarcane, Sunflower and Jowar.
32. Explain the prospect for development of tourism.
Prospect for development of tourism: 1. Tamil Nadu has emerged as one of the leading tourist destinations for both domestic and foreign tourists. 2. Tourism in Tamil Nadu is promoted by Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation (TTDC), a Government of Tamil Nadu undertaking. 3. The state currently ranks the highest among Indian states with about 25 crore arrivals. 4. The annual growth rate of this industry stood at 16 percent. 5. Approximately 28 lakh foreign and 11 crore domestic tourists visit the state

Question 33.
What are the renewable sources of power in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Renewable sources of power in Tamil Nadu:

  1. Tamil Nadu is the fore front of all other Indian States in installed capacity.
  2. Muppandal wind farm is a renewable energy source, supplying the villagers with electricity for work.
  3. Wind farms were built in Nagercoil and Tuticorin apart from already existing ones around Coimbatore, Pollachi, Dharapuram and Udumalaipettai.
  4. Wind energy contributes 2% of the total power output of India.
  5. Tamil Nadu tops in solar power generation in India.
  6. There are about 20 hydro electric units in Tamil Nadu.
Q. 34 Describe the performance of Tamil Nadu economy in health.
Performance of Tamil Nadu economy in health: 
1. Tamil Nadu has a three-tier health infrastructure comprising hospitals, primary health centres, health units, community health centres and sub-centres. 
2. Tamil Nadu has placed third in the health index as per the NITIAAYOG report. 
3. The neo natal mortality rate is 14 which is lower than in many other states. 
4. The under 5 mortality has dropped from 21 in 2014 to 20 in 2015.

Part – D
Answer the following questions in about a page

Question 35.
Describe the qualitative aspects of population.
Answer:

  1. Population : Tamil Nadu stands sixth in population with 7.21 crore.
  2. Density : Tamil Nadu ranks 12th in density with 555 people per sq.km.
  3. Urban population : Tamil Nadu is one of the most urbanized state with 48.4% of urban population.
  4. Sex ratio : Balanced sex ratio implies improvement in quality of life of female population. The sex ratio of Tamil Nadu is nearing balance with 995 which stands third next to Kerala and Puducherry.
  5. Infant mortality rate : According to NITI AAYOG, the IMR is 17 for Tamil Nadu which is just half of national average of 34 as on 2016.
  6. Maternal mortality rate : Tamil Nadu has a good record of controlling MMR, ranking third with 79 against national average of 159.
  7. Literacy :
    • The literacy rate of Tamil Nadu is higher than in many states.
    • Tamil Nadu has a highest Gross Enrollment Ratio in higher education.

Question 36
Explain the various sources of energy in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu tops in power generation among the southern states. Tamil Nadu is in the forefront of all other Indian states in installed capacity.
Muppandal wind farm is a renewable energy source, Supplying the villagers with electricity for work.

1. Nuclear energy : The Kalpakkam and the Koddankulam Nuclear Power Plants are the major nuclear energy plants for the energy grid.

2. Thermal power: In Tamil Nadu the share of thermal power in total energy sources is very high and the thermal power plants are at Athippattu, Ennore, Mettur, Neyveli and Thoothukudi.

3. Hydel energy : There are about 20 hydro electric units in Tamil Nadu. The prominent units are Hundah, Mettur, Periyar, Maravakandy, Parson valley etc.

4. Solar energy : Tamil Nadu tops in solar power generation in India. Southern Tamil Nadu is considered as one of the most suitable regions the country for developing solar power projects.

5. Wind energy : Tamil Nadu has the highest installed wind energy capacity in India.
The state has very high quality of off shore wind energy potential off the Tirunelveli coast and Southern Thoothukudi and Rameswaram coast.

Q. 37 Explain the public transport system in Tamil Nadu.

Tamil Nadu has a well-established transportation system that connects all parts of the state. This is partly responsible for the investment in the state.

1. Road transport:

a. There are 28 national highways in the state, covering a total distance of 5,036 km.

b. The state has a total road length of 1,67,000 km.

c. It ranks second in India with a share of over 20% in total road projects.

2. Rail transport:

a. Tamil Nadu has a well-developed rail network as part of Southern Railway, headquartered in Chennai.

b. Tamil Nadu has a total railway track length of 6,693 KM and there are 690 railway stations in the state.

c. The system connects it with most major cities in India.

d. Chennai developed a metro system, which came into operation in May 2017.

3. Air transport:

a. Tamil Nadu has four major international airports.

b. Chennai, Coimbatore, Tiruchirapalli, and Madurai International airports.

c. It also has domestic airports at Tuticorin, Salem, and Madurai.